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Non-Invasive Detection of Atherosclerosis and Aneurysm via Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy: A Finite Element Simulation Study

Authors :

Shaghayegh Shokri¹ Rasool Baghbani² Masoomeh Ashoorirad³

1- Hamedan University of Technology 2- Hamedan University of Technology 3- Hamedan University of Technology

Keywords :

Atherosclerosis،Aneurysm،Cardiovascular Diseases،Finite Element Simulation،Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy،Non-invasive Diagnosis

Abstract :

Atherosclerosis and aneurysm are among the most dangerous and well-known diseases of the cardiovascular system, causing 19.8 million deaths in 2022, of which 85% died due to heart attack or stroke. Therefore, early detection of these conditions can play a significant role in preventing their various complications. In this study, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used as a non-invasive method for diagnosing both diseases. The primary objective of this paper is to assess the discriminative capability of EIS between normal tissue, atherosclerotic tissue, and aneurysmal tissue, as well as to investigate how changes in geometric parameters in these two pathological types affect the tissue's impedance response. For this purpose, a three-dimensional model of healthy and diseased tissues was developed using COMSOL software. The results showed that diseased tissues exhibit distinct impedance characteristics compared to normal tissue; Significant increases in electrical impedance are observed in atherosclerosis, while decreases are seen in aneurysm, which are among the identified features. Overall, findings from this study indicate that electrical impedance spectroscopy can be used as a complementary, rapid, cost-effective, and real-time method for detecting both atherosclerosis and aneurysms. Furthermore, accurate numerical modeling can serve as a valuable tool for the initial design of EIS-based diagnostic devices.