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How Geometric Asymmetry Impacts Aortic Valve Bioprosthesis Performance – A Finite Element Analysis

Authors :

Reyhaneh Mosaferchi¹ Nasser Fatouraee²

1- دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر (پلی‌تکنیک تهران)، تهران، ایران 2- دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر (پلی‌تکنیک تهران)، تهران، ایران

Keywords :

Asymmetric aortic valve،Geometric orifice area،Coaptation area،Parametric design،Grasshopper،Regurgitation،Prosthetic valve design،Valve dynamics

Abstract :

A finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to compare the biomechanical performance of twelve asymmetric aortic valve designs against a symmetric reference, all sharing identical radius and height for geometric consistency. Using Grasshopper for parametric modeling, the study evaluated two key parameters: geometric orifice area (GOA), which affects flow during valve opening, and coaptation area (CA), which impacts sealing during closure. These were tested under simulated physiological conditions to assess the effects of asymmetry. Results showed significant differences in GOA and CA between asymmetric and symmetric designs, highlighting the role of asymmetry in valve opening and closing dynamics. The study identified valve asymmetry ranges (Area Diff % between -6.215 and 22.935) linked to improved performance, offering practical insights for optimizing aortic valve designs. Natural aortic valves, which serve as the benchmark for optimal performance, exhibit inherent asymmetry, with studies showing that one of the three leaflets typically displays statistically significant differences compared to the other two, which have minimal variation. These findings underscore the importance of mimicking such asymmetry in prosthetic valves to enhance efficiency. This analysis provides valuable guidance for advancing prosthetic valve design in clinical and engineering contexts.