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Impact of Dynamic and Static Sports on Growth and Anthropometric Characteristics (Height, Weight, BMI) in Children and Adolescents

Authors :

Amin Partovi fard¹ Mahmoodreza Azghani² Sadra Jalali³ Samin Asghari⁴

1- دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران 2- دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران 3- دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران 4- دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران

Keywords :

Adolescence،Athletic Participation،BMI،Height،Weight،Dynamic Sports،Static Sports

Abstract :

Adolescence is crucial for growth and body composition. Physical activity can influence height, weight, and BMI. This study aims to explore how sports of dynamic and static types affect body measurements in teenagers based on sex and age. A cross-sectional study involved 494 participants (256 boys, 238 girls) aged 4–19 years. Participants were categorized as Non-Athletes, Static Athletes, or Dynamic Athletes. Height and weight were measured, BMI was calculated, and sports were classified by physical demand: dynamic (e.g., running, soccer) or static (e.g., archery, yoga). Differences among groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA across three age groups: 4–9, 10–14, 15–19 years. Normality was checked with skewness, kurtosis, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests. In early childhood (4–9 years), there were no significant differences in height, weight, or BMI. During pre-adolescence (10–14 years), boys in dynamic sports showed lower weight and BMI compared to Non-Athletes, while girls in both sports groups had significantly higher weight and BMI. In late adolescence (15–19 years), athletes’ height and weight were significantly higher in boys than girls, with notable BMI differences between Non-Athletes and Dynamic Athletes. Participation in sports influences growth and body composition in a sex- and age-specific manner. Prevalence of sports participation is low in young children, increases during pre-adolescence, and peaks in late adolescence. Dynamic sports are tied to lower BMI in boys, while static sports are linked to increased fat-free mass. Encouraging organized physical activity supports healthy adolescent development.